Кельт, ну я начну с конца.
Ответь мне почему к негроидов есть замечательные музыканты,прекрасные певцы,но нет ни одного учённого -технаря.Ну нет и всё.
Почему?Вот о том говорить стоило.
говорим.
Publications
Note the collaborations with Black Computer Scientist Parry Husbands.
C. Isbell, O. Omojokun and J. Pierce. From Devices to Tasks: Automatic Task Prediction for Personalized Appliance Control. In Proceedings of 2AD, 2004. A version of this paper will appear in Personal and Ubiquitous Computing.
B. Landry, J. Pierce, and C. Isbell. Supporting Routine Decision-Making with a Next-Generation Alarm Clock. In Proceedings of 2AD, 2004. A version of this paper will appear in Personal and Ubiquitous Computing.
O. Omojokun, and C. Isbell. User Modelling for Personalized Univeral Appliance Application Interaction. In Proceedings of Tapia, 2003.
O. Omojokun, and C. Isbell. Supporting Personalized Agents in Universal Appliance Interaction. ACM Southeast Conference, 2003.
L. Saul, D. Lee, C. Isbell, and Y. LeCun. Real time voice processing with audiovisual feedback: toward autonomous agents with perfect pitch. NIPS, 2002.
Omojokun, O., Isbell, C., and Dewan, P. An Architecture for Supporting Personalized Agents in Appliance Interaction. In Technical Report of the AAAI Fall Symposium on Personalized Agents (2002), AAAI Press, 40-47.
C. Isbell, G. Bell, B. Amento, S. Whittaker, and J. Helfman. IshMail: Managing Massive Amounts of of Mail. Proceedings (Posters and Demos) of UIST, 2002.
C. Isbell, B. Amento, S. Whittaker, and G. Bell. IshMail: Making Email Easy. Workshop at CSCW, 2002
M. Kearns, C. Isbell, S. Singh, D. Litman, and J. Howe. CobotDS: A Spoken Dialogue System for Chat. AAAI, 2002.
C. Isbell, C. Shelton, M. Kearns, S. Singh, and P. Stone. A Social Reinforcement Learning Agent. Agents, 2001. winner of Best Paper. A version of this paper also appears in NIPS 2001.
C. Isbell, M. Kearns, D. Kormann, S. Singh, and P. Stone. Cobot in LambdaMOO: A Social Statistics Agent. AAAI 2000. A version of this work was also presented at WIRE 2000.
C. Isbell and P. Husbands. The Parallel Problems Server: an Interactive Tool for Large Scale Machine Learning. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, volume 12, Denver 1999.
P. Husbands and C.Isbell. MITMatlab: A Tool for Interactive Supercomputing. Proceedings of the Ninth SIAM Conference on Parallel Processing for Scientific Computing, 1999.
D. McGuinness, C. Isbell, M. Parker, P. Patel-Schneider, L. Resnick, and C. Welty. A Description Logic-Based Configurator for the Web. Sigart Bulletin. Volume 9, Number 2. ACM Press, 1998.
C. Isbell and P. Viola. Restructuring Sparse High Dimensional Data for Effective Retrieval. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, volume 11, Denver 1998. (AI Memo version)
P. Husbands and C. Isbell. Interactive Supercomputing with MITMatlab. AI Memo 1642. Presented at: the Second IMA Conference on Parallel Computation. Oxford, 1998.
D. McGuinness, C. Isbell, M. Parker, P. Patel-Schneider, L. Resnick, and C. Welty. A Description Logic-Based Configurator for the Web. Proceedings of AAAI-98. 1998.
P. Husbands and C. Isbell. The Parallel Problems Server: A Client-Server Model for Large Scale Scientific Computation. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Vector and Parallel Processing. Portugal, 1998.
P. Husbands and C. Isbell. The Parallel Problems Server. In Proceedings of 1998 MIT Student Workshop on High-Performance Computing in Science and Engineering. MIT LCS Technical Report 737. Cambridge, 1998.
J. De Bonet, C. Isbell, and P. Viola. MIMIC: Finding Optima by Estimating Probability Densities. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, volume 9, Denver 1996.
A. Borgida, C. Isbell, and D. McGuinness. Reasoning with Black Boxes: Handling Test Concepts in CLASSIC. In Proceedings of Workshop on Description Logics. Cambridge, 1996.
D. McGuinness, L. Resnick, and C. Isbell. Description Logic in Practice: A CLASSIC Application. In Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. IJCAI-95 volume 2, Montreal 1995.
J. Helfman and C. Isbell. Ishmail: Immediate Information. AT&T Labs Technical Report, 1995.
J. Helfman and C. Isbell. Ishmail User's Guide. AT&T Labs Technical Report, 1995.
J. Helfman and C. Isbell. Ishmail Programmer's Guide. AT&T Labs Technical Report, 1995.
L. Resnick, A. Borgida, R. J. Brachman, D. McGuinness, P. Patel-Schneider, C. Isbell, and K. Zalondek. CLASSIC Description and Reference Manual for the Common Lisp Implementation: Version 2.3. AI Principles Research Department, AT&T Bell Laboratories. 1995.
C. Isbell. Explorations of the Practical Issues of Using Temporal Difference Learning Methods for Prediction-Control Tasks. AI Technical Report 1424, 1993.
1864-1943
George Washington Carver
The Man, The Scientist, The Genius
In college, Mae studied the physical and social sciences, and learned to speak Russian and the African language Swahili. She earned a degree in chemical engineering and African studies. After college, she studied medicine for four years, and became a medical doctor.
In 1987, Mae was accepted into NASA's astronaut program. She trained in Texas, learning about space exploration. She worked for NASA, and waited for a shuttle assignment.
Benjamin Banneker
mathematician, astronomer, surveyor
Born: 11/9/1731
Birthplace: Ellicott's Mills, Md.
Benjamin Banneker has been called the first African American intellectual. Self-taught, after studying the inner workings of a friend's watch, he made one of wood that accurately kept time for more than 40 years. Banneker taught himself astronomy well enough to correctly predict a solar eclipse in 1789. From 1791 to 1802 he published the Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia Almanac and Ephemeris, which contained tide tables, future eclipses, and medicinal formulas. It is believed to be the first scientific book published by an African American. Also a surveyor and mathematician, Banneker was appointed by President George Washington to the District of Columbia Commission, which was responsible for the survey work that established the city's original boundaries. When the chairman of the committee, Pierre Charles L'Enfant, suddenly resigned and left, taking the plans with him, Banneker reproduced the plans from memory, saving valuable time. A staunch opponent of slavery, Banneker sent a copy of his first almanac to then-Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson to counter Jefferson's belief in the intellectual inferiority of blacks.
African American Scientists
Benjamin Banneker
(1731-1806) Born into a family of free blacks in Maryland, Banneker learned the rudiments of reading, writing, and arithmetic from his grandmother and a Quaker schoolmaster. Later he taught himself advanced mathematics and astronomy. He is best known for publishing an almanac based on his astronomical calculations.
Rebecca Cole
(1846-1922) Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Cole was the second black woman to graduate from medical school (1867). She joined Dr. Elizabeth Blackwell, the first white woman physician, in New York and taught hygiene and childcare to families in poor neighborhoods.
Edward Alexander Bouchet
(1852-1918) Born in New Haven, Connecticut, Bouchet was the first African American to graduate (1874) from Yale College. In 1876, upon receiving his Ph.D. in physics from Yale, he became the first African American to earn a doctorate. Bouchet spent his career teaching college chemistry and physics.
Dr. Daniel Hale Williams
(1856-1931) Williams was born in Pennsylvania and attended medical school in Chicago, where he received his M.D. in 1883. He founded the Provident Hospital in Chicago in 1891, and he performed the first successful open heart surgery in 1893.
George Washington Carver
(1865?-1943) Born into slavery in Missouri, Carver later earned degrees from Iowa Agricultural College. The director of agricultural research at the Tuskegee Institute from 1896 until his death, Carver developed hundreds of applications for farm products important to the economy of the South, including the peanut, sweet potato, soybean, and pecan.
Charles Henry Turner
(1867-1923) A native of Cincinnati, Ohio, Turner received a B.S. (1891) and M.S. (1892) from the University of Cincinnati and a Ph.D. (1907) from the University of Chicago. A noted authority on the behavior of insects, he was the first researcher to prove that insects can hear.
Ernest Everett Just
(1883-1941) Originally from Charleston, South Carolina, Just attended Dartmouth College and the University of Chicago, where he earned a Ph.D. in zoology in 1916. Just's work on cell biology took him to marine laboratories in the U.S. and Europe and led him to publish more than 50 papers.
Archibald Alexander
(1888-1958) Iowa-born Alexander attended Iowa State University and earned a civil engineering degree in 1912. While working for an engineering firm, he designed the Tidal Basin Bridge in Washington, D.C. Later he formed his own company, designing Whitehurst Freeway in Washington, D.C. and an airfield in Tuskegee, Alabama, among other projects.
Roger Arliner Young
(1889-1964) Ms. Young was born in Virginia and attended Howard University, University of Chicago, and University of Pennsylvania, where she earned a Ph.D. in zoology in 1940. Working with her mentor, Ernest E. Just, she published a number of important studies.
Percy L. Julian
(1899-1975) Alabama-born Julian held a bachelor's degree from DePauw University, a master's degree from Harvard University, and a Ph.D. from the University of Vienna. His most famous achievement is his synthesis of cortisone, which is used to treat arthritis and other inflammatory diseases.
Dr. Charles Richard Drew
(1904-1950) Born in Washington, D.C., Drew earned advanced degrees in medicine and surgery from McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, in 1933 and from Columbia University in 1940. He is particularly noted for his research in blood plasma and for setting up the first blood bank.
Emmett Chappelle
(1925-) Born in Phoenix, Arizona, Chappelle earned a B.S. from the University of California and an M.S. from the University of Washington. He joined NASA in 1977 as a remote sensing scientist. Among Chappelle's discoveries is a method (developed with Grace Picciolo) of instantly detecting bacteria in water, which led to the improved diagnoses of urinary tract infections.
African American Inventors
Thomas L. Jennings
(1791-1859) A tailor in New York City, Jennings is credited with being the first African American to hold a U.S. patent. The patent, which was issued in 1821, was for a dry-cleaning process.
Norbert Rillieux
(1806-1894) Born the son of a French planter and a slave in New Orleans, Rillieux was educated in France. Returning to the U.S., he developed an evaporator for refining sugar, which he patented in 1846. Rillieux's evaporation technique is still used in the sugar industry and in the manufacture of soap and other products.
Benjamin Bradley
(1830?-?) A slave, Bradley was employed at a printing office and later at the Annapolis Naval Academy, where he helped set up scientific experiments. In the 1840s he developed a steam engine for a war ship. Unable to patent his work, he sold it and with the proceeds purchased his freedom.
Elijah McCoy
(1844-1929) The son of escaped slaves from Kentucky, McCoy was born in Canada and educated in Scotland. Settling in Detroit, Michigan, he invented a lubricator for steam engines (patented 1872) and established his own manufacturing company. During his lifetime he acquired 57 patents.
Lewis Howard Latimer
(1848-1929) Born in Chelsea, Mass., Latimer learned mechanical drawing while working for a Boston patent attorney. He later invented an electric lamp and a carbon filament for light bulbs (patented 1881, 1882). Latimer was the only African-American member of Thomas Edison's engineering laboratory.
Granville T. Woods
(1856-1910) Woods was born in Columbus, Ohio, and later settled in Cincinnati. Largely self-educated, he was awarded more than 60 patents. One of his most important inventions was a telegraph that allowed moving trains to communicate with other trains and train stations, thus improving railway efficiency and safety.
Madame C.J. Walker
(1867-1919) Widowed at 20, Louisiana-born Sarah Breedlove Walker supported herself and her daughter as a washerwoman. In the early 1900s she developed a hair care system and other beauty products. Her business, headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana, amassed a fortune, and she became a generous patron of many black charities.
Garrett Augustus Morgan
(1877-1963) Born in Kentucky, Morgan invented a gas mask (patented 1914) that was used to protect soldiers from chlorine fumes during World War I. Morgan also received a patent (1923) for a traffic signal that featured automated STOP and GO signs. Morgan's invention was later replaced by traffic lights.
Frederick McKinley Jones
(1892-1961) Jones was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. An experienced mechanic, he invented a self-starting gas engine and a series of devices for movie projectors. More importantly, he invented the first automatic refrigeration system for long-haul trucks (1935). Jones was awarded more than 40 patents in the field of refrigeration.
David Crosthwait, Jr.
(1898-1976) Born in Nashville, Tennessee, Crosthwait earned a B.S. (1913) and M.S. (1920) from Purdue University. An expert on heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, he designed the heating system for Radio City Music Hall in New York. During his lifetime he received some 40 U.S. patents relating to HVAC systems.
Patricia Bath
(1942-) Born in Harlem, New York, Bath holds a bachelor's degree from Hunter College and an M.D. from Howard University. She is a co-founder of the American Institute for the Prevention of Blindness. Bath is best known for her invention of the Laserphaco Probe for the treatment of cataracts.
Mark Dean
(1957-) Dean was born in Jefferson City, Tennessee, and holds a bachelor's degree from the University of Tennessee, a master's degree from Florida Atlantic University, and a Ph.D. from Stanford University. He led the team of IBM scientists that developed the ISA bus—a device that enabled computer components to communicate with each other rapidly, which made personal computers fast and efficient for the first time. Dean also led the design team responsible for creating the first one-gigahertz computer processor chip. He was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1997.
.. это за 15 минут на поиск и на чтение.. продолжить?
меня тут ужинать зовут, я поем, вернусь и продолжу отвечать